Salah in the Bible
And moving on from there to the mountain on the east of Beth-el, he put up his tent, having Beth-el on the west and Ai on the east: and there he made an altar and gave worship to the name of the Lord. (Genesis, 12:8)
And the men, turning from that place, went on to Sodom: but Abraham was still waiting before the Lord. (Genesis, 18:22)
Then he said to his young men, Keep here with the ass; and I and the boy will go on and give worship and come back again to you. (Genesis, 22:5)
Then he made an altar there, and gave worship to the name of the Lord, and he put up his tents there, and there his servants made a water-hole. (Genesis, 26:25)
And the people had faith in them; and hearing that the Lord had taken up the cause of the children of Israel and had seen their troubles, with bent heads they gave him worship. (Exodus, 4:31)
But as for me, I will come into your house, in the full measure of your mercy; and in your fear I will give worship, turning my eyes to your holy Temple. (Psalms, 5:7)
The sea is his, and he made it; and the dry land was formed by his hands. O come, let us give worship, falling down on our knees before the Lord our Maker. (Psalms, 95:5-6)
And after he had sent the people away, he went up into the mountain by himself for prayer: and when evening was come, he was there by himself. (Matthew, 14:23)
And in the morning, a long time before daylight, he got up and went out to a quiet place, and there he gave himself up to prayer. (Mark, 1:35)
The Fast in the Bible1
And the Lord said to Moses, Put all these words in writing; for on them is based the agreement which I will make with you. And for forty days and forty nights Moses was there with the Lord, and in that time he had no food or drink. And he put in writing on the stones the words of the agreement, the ten rules of the law. (Exodus, 34:27-28)
And let this be an order to you for ever: in the seventh month, on the tenth day, you are to keep yourselves from pleasure and do no sort of work, those who are Israelites by birth and those from other lands who are living among you: For on this day your sin will be taken away and you will be clean: you will be made free from all your sins before the Lord. It is a special Sabbath for you, and you are to keep yourselves from pleasure; it is an order for ever. (Leviticus, 16:29-31)
And when you go without food, be not sad-faced as the false-hearted are. For they go about with changed looks, so that men may see that they are going without food. Truly I say to you, They have their reward. But when you go without food, put oil on your head and make your face clean; So that no one may see that you are going without food, but your Father in secret; and your Father, who sees in secret, will give you your reward. (Matthew, 6:16-18)
Zakah in the Bible
A tithe of everything from the land, whether grain from the soil or fruit from the trees, belongs to the LORD; it is holy to the LORD. If a man redeems any of his tithe, he must add a fifth of the value to it. The entire tithe of the herd and flock – every tenth animal that passes under the shepherd’s rod – will be holy to the LORD. And every tenth part of the land, of the seed planted, or of the fruit of trees, is holy to the Lord. And if a man has a desire to get back any of the tenth part which he has given, let him give a fifth more. (Leviticus, 27:30-31)
And the Lord said to Moses, Say to the Levites, When you take from the children of Israel the tenth which I have given to you from them as your heritage, a tenth part of that tenth is to be offered as an offering lifted up before the Lord. (Numbers, 18:25-26)
Put on one side a tenth of all the increase of your seed, produced year by year. (Deuteronomy, 14:22)
When you have finished setting aside a tenth of all your produce in the third year, the year of the tithe, you shall give it to the Levite, the alien, the fatherless and the widow, so that they may eat in your towns and be satisfied. (Deuteronomy, 26:12)
A curse is on you, scribes and Pharisees, false ones! for you make men give a tenth of all sorts of sweet-smelling plants, but you give no thought to the more important things of the law, righteousness, and mercy, and faith; but it is right for you to do these, and not to let the others be undone. You blind guides, who take out a fly from your drink, but make no trouble over a camel. (Mathew, 23:23-24)
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1. The Bible mentions fasts at a number of places, and besides using this word, it has used certain other expressions like “to sadden one’s self” and “self-denial” to connote it.